The ground wire serves two functions-it carries part of the audio signal and serves to shield the main signal wire to some degree from outside interference from noise such as the hum from lights and transformers, as well as RF (radio frequency) interference that comes from TV and radio transmissions. Inside the cable itself, the signal wire is typically in the center of the cable with the ground wire surrounding it. Standard RCA cables used for many AV components are also unbalanced cables. A standard TS (or “tip-sleeve”) guitar cable is the unbalanced cable you’ll run into on stage most. You can quickly (in most cases) identify a cable designed to carry an unbalanced signal by its connectors: because each wire has to terminate at the connector with its own contact point, an unbalanced cable requires only two conductors at the connector. Unbalanced Cables and SignalsĪn unbalanced cable consists of two connectors with two conductors each, connected by two wires inside the cable-a signal wire and a ground wire. We’ll set aside signal level for a future post and focus for now on whether the signals are balanced or unbalanced.
There are two main issues to consider here: the level of the signal and the signal type. That starts with understanding the kinds of signals the cables are carrying. The cables used in an audio system-and how they’re put together-can have a major impact on the sound of the system. Every cable in an audio system has the potential to add noise and to compromise the sound quality of the components it connects, so it’s important to use the right cable for the right job.
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